![]() ![]() The Gardners’ approach was consistent with prior attempts in that they all considered language to be inseparable from social context and for this reason the chimpanzees were raised in the socially rich environment of a human home. Gardner and Gardner (1969, 1971, 1975) avoided this error by using a human gestural language compatible with the chimpanzees’ communication system in the wild. These approaches attempted to force the chimpanzee to use a communication modality inappropriate to its biology. For example, the repertoire of behaviors that the chimpanzee brings to the experimental situation. Their error was to ignore the nature of the chimpanzee. These approaches attempted to teach vocal speech to the chimpanzee because humans use vocal speech. For example, in the early attempts to teach chimpanzees a language (Witmer, 1909 Kohts, 1935 Hayes and Hayes, 1951, 1952 Kellogg, 1968) the egocentric error that language must be vocal prevailed. Critical to the study of language are the preconceived theoretical notions a scientist brings to the experimental situation. Download Arsenie-Boca-Cararea-Imparatiei To continue, complete human verification below.
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